Monaco

Monaco, long shaped the Principality of Monaco, Monaco and Munegu Principatu of Munegu, is a country in Western Europe and a municipality of the same name occupying the same area as the State itself (this making it a city-state). It is located at the edge of the Mediterranean Sea, along the French Riviera, about twenty kilometers east of Nice. Surrounded by the French cities of Cap d'Ail, Beausoleil, Roquebrune-Cap-Martin and La Turbie, but with direct access to the sea and territorial waters reaching international waters, Monaco is not an enclave in French territory such as San Marino in Italy, but is nevertheless considered "enclave".

Dependent on the Republic of Genoa, the Grimaldi was one of the patrician families, relatively autonomous since 1297, it became a constitutional monarchy in 1911 and has been run since 2005 by the Sovereign Prince Albert II of Monaco, the Grimaldi dynasty that is one of the oldest ruling dynasties of the world (if we stick to the traditional definition of agnatic the reigning house, the Principality of Monaco is passed to the Goyon Matignon family in 1731 and then to the family of

Polignac 1949).

It was ranked in 2005 an area of 1,974 km²5 and occupies 2.02 km²6 today, making it the second smallest independent state in the world (the first being the Vatican). At the last census of 2008, there were 31,109 inhabitants7 Monaco. This total figure is revised at the end of each year by estimating a partial census and data on immigration and nationality acquisitions, and December 31, 2011 the official population was updated in 3718 36 people on its 202 hectares; with 18,005 inhabitants per km2, it is the most densely populated countries in the world.

Almost entirely urbanized, the Principality of Monaco enjoys a particularly mild Mediterranean climate and has many luxury hotel facilities. The Monaco Grand Prix Formula 1 is held here and attractions are present throughout the year including the Monte Carlo Casino, the Oceanographic Museum and the Prince's Palace

Climate
The climate of Monaco is Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers with a lot of sun. The average temperature in the twentieth century, over 75 years of observation was 16.3 ° C. The average temperature ranges from 10.2 ° C in January to 23.7 ° C in August. The average annual sunshine is 2583 hours and the number of rainy days does not exceed 62 per year.

Official language
Bilingual signage in Monaco and French.

According to the Constitution of Monaco in 1962, the French language is officielle46 and as such, all official documents of political and judicial institutions are published in that language. It is also the dominant language of the principality, spoken by about 58% of the population14. However, the national anthem is sung in the version in Monegasque language, "This is finally the Monegasque poet Louis Notari (1879-1961), who wrote in 1931 a version in Monegasque language. It follows verbatim musical rhythm and takes the trio. The text, written in the elegant simplicity of the local language is now definitively adopted and sung in various manifestations47. »

tourism
View Monaco
The geographical location of Monaco and its Mediterranean climate have made the Principality a popular destination for tourists. The hotel sector offers over 2800 rooms and realized a total of 900,000 overnight stays in 2006 (19% of Italians, 18% French, 15% of Britons, 13% of North Americans, 5% of Germans, 4% of Russians). Tourism has always been primarily oriented luxury clientele, attracted by the many sporting and cultural events and casinos (including the casino in Monte Carlo) but tourism has recently redeployed to the business tourism, conferences and seminars which now represents 25% of nuitées76.
Tourism generates about 25% of revenues and principauté70 turnover of the hotel sector was 356,913,168 euros 200577.